The history of Aurngabad is a part of history of the ancient
Magadh which included the undivided district of Patna and Gaya .Three-forth of
India’s early history is the history of Magadh and the area which forms the
present district of Aurangabad was a proud sharer of this glory .Although it was
a part of the Mahajanpad of Magadh,yet it had its distinct racial and cultural
character.Froming part of the first vast the territorial empire of Magadh ,
perhaps the distinction of being ruled by Bimbisara and Ajatsatru and later on
by Chandragupta Maurya and Ashoka .The river Sone has been accepted by the
authorities as having been western boundary of the Magadh empire.
After
the downfall of the Mauryas, this area remained under sovereignty of Sungas and
Kushans. Harshavardhan also ruled over this land. During his regime, Celebrated
books of Sanskrit literature KADAMBARI AND HARSHCHARITRA were written by
Banbhatta, whose birth place Pritakuta Parwat, village piroo at present falls in
the territory of the district. So many manuscripts written on Bhojpatra and
Talpatra of that regime are being preserved village piroo in the Banbhatta
Pustakalya of the same village. When pal dynasty of Bengal rose to power, its
sway was over this area but it lasted for a short period.
The prominent
feature of this region is that, although it was ruled by Ashoka, the grate
Magadh Emperor, it culturally continued to enjoy its own identify.Even during
the climax of his regime, this region resisted the spread of Buddhism. Later on
the people of Rajputana came here to offer pind “Dan” to their ancestors at
Gaya.They saw the natural beauty of this region which attracted them. They
settled here, seeking their place of convenience. The rulers of Deo, Mali,
Pawai, Chandragarh and Siris were the descendants of those Rajput warriors. Due
to their militant Character, they resisted the domination of the Sultanate
Mughals and Britishers.
Before this region came under the control of
Moghul Sultanate, it remained under the control of Sen and Garhwal
Kings.
During the regime of Sher Shah, the area became strategically
important .It formed a part of the Rohtas Sirkar.The Afghan ruler built the
famous Grand Trunk Road (Now N.H.No.-02) .After death of Sher Shah; it came
under imperial domain of Akbar. The Afghan upsurge in the area was suppressed by
Todarmal and the area between Sherghati and Rohtas was brought under the Mughal
Empire. But the glimpses of Afghan architecture are still visible in the old
buildings of this region. During regime of Aurangabad his Subedar Daud Khan
Kuraishi founded the town Daudnagar after defeating Garhwal King of
Palamu.
After downfall of Moghul Empire, the area came under control of
zamindars of Deo, Kutumba, Mali, Pawai,Chandrgarh and Siris.The rebellious
character of the zamindars of Siris,Kutumba and Pawai,is the proud-preserve in
the history of this area. The first rebellion against the British authority
belongs to Raja Narayan Singh of Reyasat Pawai,Whose forefathers said to be the
descendents of Prithwi Raj Chauhan.The veteran freedom fighter Veer Kunwar Singh
had his personal relationship in the family of Deo State .Some people say his
Sasural was in that family . A joint army of all the Rajputs led by the men of
Raja Narayan Singh started their towards Jagdishpur to help Veer Kunwar Singh
during the year 1857 .He had also support of Raja Chet Singh of
Varanashi,Pitambar Singh of Tekari and Kuli Khan of Sasaram . A ferocious battle
took place at both the bank of river Sone, where thousands of Britishers and
soldiers of Raja Narayan Singh were killed. The Sepoy Mutiny of Danapur and
Benaras created Commotion in the whole area .It remained for the whole year of
1857 .In the next year, the British Government took measures to tighten their
grip over administration .District of Gaya was seperated from Patna District,
and Aurangabad was made Sub Division in the year 1865 .It remained part of Gaya
District till 1973 Mr.Stement was first S.D.O of Aurangabad
Sub-Division.
During the freedom struggle, it can be imagined that, how
much torture was given to the participants. Commissioner Stanton passed an order
of attachment of properties on recommendation of Mr.H.Davis.Deputy Magistrate,
Sherghati, of the following landlords:-
(a) Bhanu Pratap Singh of
Mali.
(b) Bal Govind Singh of Village Barhara.
(c) Jagu Singh of Village
Urdanadih.
(d) Jagdamb Sohori of Manaura.
(e) Gulaman Khan of Village
Koraypur.
(f) Lal Bahadur Singh
(g) Din Dayal Singh Both residents of
village -Mutani
(h) Darshan Singh of Village Mali.
(i) Ayodhya Singh of
Village Mihauli
(j) Sheikh Chakauri of Village Ghota.
(k) Mahabul Singh
of Mirjapur
(l) Jagarnath Singh of Simra,and
(m) Pitambar Singh of
Village Manjhauli .
During the freedom movement of 20th .Centuary, the
people of this region also took active part and remained in close contact of
freedom fighters of the whole country. Mahatma Gandhi also came here. Hundred of
persons joined the freedom movement, leaving their own profession at his call.
Kumar Badari Narayan Singh led the Namak Satyagrah of 1930. The Contribution of
Bihar Bibhuti Anugrah Narayan Singh is well known to all .The veteran
revolutionaries of that age got shelter here. Lok Nayak Jai Prakash Narayan got
shelter here after fleeing away from Hajaribagh Jail. It can be imagined how
much consciousness was raised during his stay at the place Netaji Subhash
Chandra Boss also stayed here in Chauram Ashram of Kumar Badri Narayan Singh for
few days. Amar Saheed Jagatpati Kumar Who laid his life on the alter of mother
land during the freedom movement of the year 1942 .He along with six other were
killed by the Britishers on 9th August 1942 ,while hoisting tricolor flag on the
old secretariat building at state capital Patna. Martyrs memorial has been built
in front of Bihar Legislative Assembly in their memory. Sarvashree Ram Swaroop
Singh of village Kiyakhap, Sukhdeo Singh of village Karshara, Daroga Singh of
Bhadwa, Ram Naresh Singh of Village Budhai, Ram Narayan Singh of village Karma,
and Mithilesh Kumar Singh of Village Jamhore were among veteran revolutionaries
who used to manufacture weapon and explosive. They also used weapon and
explosive against the Britishers.
The Slogan “Angrejo Bharat Chhorho”
launched by Mahatama Gandhi and Indian National Congress gave a great impact on
the People of Aurangabad. Bihar Bibhuti Anugrah Narayan Singh Kamta Singh Kam,
Abdul Gafoor and Ramchandra Sao both of village Tandwa Sainik Ram Narayan of
village Chatra, Balram Singh and Ramdeo Singh both of village Beni Ganjhar,
Rachha Prasad Lal of village Manjhauli Balkeshwar Ram of village Chandragarh and
Priyabarat Narayan Singh of Village Sonaura were eminent participants of that
movement.
Sri Priyabrat Narayan Singh died of asthma in the Jail.
Sarvshree Lallu Prasad Kurmi, Hussaini Sao, Rambrichha Lal, Pandit Badri Nath
Shashtri, Mathura Nath Tiwari and Ram Chandra Tiwari were also among the veteran
participants of “August Kranti “.All of them belonged to village Deo.
The
district of Aurangabad was separated on 26.01.1973 as per the govt.notification
no 07/11-2071-72 dated 19.01.1973. From parent District Gaya Sri
K.A.H.Subramanyam was the first District Magistrate and Sri Surjit Kumar Saha
was the then Sub-Divisional officer.
Till 1991 there was only on
Sub-division in Aurangabad district. That was Aurangabad Sadar. On 31.03.1991,
one other Sub-Division namely Daudnagar was created. Sri Madan Mohan Srivastava
was the first Sub-Divisional Officer of Daudnagar . At present’s Birendra
Bahadur Pandey it’s the District Magistrate of Aurangabad and Sushil Khopre is
the Superintendent of Police. Sarvashree Anil Kumar and Chhati Lal Prasad are
the Sub-Divisional Officer of Aurangabad and Daudnagar respectively.
